Born in Palmanova, Friuli, Italy and educated at the University of Florence (1916–1920) graduating with a degree in Natural Sciences.
First World War - served in the military corps of the alpini and was captured by the Austrians.
Worked in the Universities of Florence, Pavia (1923–1924) and Milan (1924–1927) and as a consultant geologist for the Edison Company for hydroelectric plants in Italy, Spain, Switzerland, Greece, Turkey and Brazil, and the same capacity for the Public Power Corporation of Greece.
1973 he became Professor Emeritus at the University of Milan.
Led geographical and geological expeditions in Europe, Africa, and Asia. He also explored Antarctica.
In 1954 he led the Italian expedition to K2 when Achille Compagnoni and Lino Lacedelli became the first people to reach the summit
He spent his last four years in Rome, where he died in December 2001, aged 104.