Graduated with undergraduate and master's degrees in geology from the University of British Columbia and a doctorate from Princeton University.
Joined the Scott Polar Research Institute and was appointed Chief Geologist for the 1949-1952 Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition. During the expedition he made a 189 day, unsupported dog sled journey across the continent.
On his return to Canada he joined the Geological Survey of Canada serving as a field geologist until 1958.
Helped found the Polar Continental Shelf Program. Left after 14 years to act as science advisor to the newly created federal Department of the Environment, where he remained on staff until 1989.
After retirement he remained an active participant in polar research, and also became a key mentor within the Students on Ice educational program. He continued to participate in expeditions for Students on Ice well into his tenth decade, his last being to Greenland only two months before his death.